1. Auf Deutsch In English
2. Auf Deutsch Meaning In English
3. Auf Deutsch Gesagt
4. Auf Deutsch Bitte

Karl Wolfgang Deutsch (21 July 1912 – 1 November 1992) was a social and political scientist from Prague. He was the Stanfield Professor of International Peace at Harvard University. From 1977 to 1987 he was the Director of Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin (International Institute for Comparative Social Research).^[1]

Der Vortrag wird in or auf Deutsch gehalten the lecture will be given in German der Unterricht in Deutsch German lessons pl die Schulnote in Deutsch school mark (Brit) or grade (US) in or for German auf gut Deutsch (gesagt) (fig) inf in plain English → deutsch → adj, b. Karl Wolfgang Deutsch (21 July 1912 – 1 November 1992) was a social and political scientist from Prague. He was the Stanfield Professor of International Peace at Harvard University. From 1977 to 1987 he was the Director of Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin (International Institute for Comparative Social Research).

His work focused on the study of war and peace, nationalism, co-operation, and communication. He is also well known for his interest in introducing quantitative methods and formal system analysis and model-thinking into the field of political and social sciences and is one of the best known social scientists of the 20th century.^[2]

Early life[edit]

Born into a German-speaking Jewish family in Prague on July 21, 1912 when the city was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Deutsch became a citizen of Czechoslovakia after World War I. His mother Maria was a Social Democrat, and one of the first women to be elected to the Czechoslovak parliament in 1920. His father Martin Morritz Deutsch owned an optical shop on Prague's Wenceslas Square and was also active in the Czechoslovak Social Democratic Worker's Party. His uncle Julius Deutsch was an important political leader in the Social Democratic Party of Austria.

Education[edit]

Karl studied Law at the German University of Prague, where he graduated in 1934. He discontinued further studies as his overt anti-Nazi stance caused opposition by pro-Nazi students. Karl married his wife Ruth Slonitz in 1936, and after spending two years in England returned to Prague where due to his former Anti-Nazi activities, he could not return to the German University. He instead joined its Czech counterpart, the Charles University, where he obtained a law degree in international and canon law and a PhD in Political Sciences in 1938.

Emigration and career[edit]

In 1938 following the Munich Agreement allowing German troops to enter the Sudetenland, he and his wife did not return from a trip to the United States. In 1939 Deutsch obtained a scholarship to carry out advanced studies at Harvard University where he received a second PhD in political science in 1951.

During World War II he worked for the Office of Strategic Services and participated in the San Francisco conference that resulted in the creation of the United Nations in 1945. Deutsch taught at several universities; first at MIT from 1943 to 1956; then at Yale University until 1967; and again at Harvard until 1982. He served as Stanfield Professor of International Peace at Harvard, a position he held until his death.

Deutsch worked extensively on cybernetics, on the application of simulation and system dynamics models to the study of social, political, and economic problems, known as wicked problems. He built upon earlier efforts at world modeling such as those advanced and advocated by authors of the Club of Rome such as Limits to Growth by Donella Meadows, et al. (1972). He introduced new concepts such as security community to the literature.

He held several other prestigious positions; he was a member of the board of World Society Foundation in Zürich, Switzerland from 1984 onwards. He was also elected President of the American Political Science Association in 1969, of the International Political Science Association in 1976, and of the Society for General Systems Research in 1983. From 1977 to 1987, he was Director of the Social Science Research Center Berlin (Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung, WZB) in Berlin.

Deutocracy[edit]

Karl W. Deutsch in his book The Nerves of Government: Models of Political Communication and Control^[3] hypothesized about “information elites, controlling means of mass communication and, accordingly, power institutions, the functioning of which is based on the use of information in their activities.” Thus Deutsch introduced the concept of deutocracy, combining the words 'deuten' [German: 'to indicate; to mean'] and the suffix '-cracy,' or rule, to get the new term, 'rule through meaning.'

Auf Deutsch In English

Cyberdeutocracy[edit]

Combining terms 'deutocracy' and 'autocracy' one can get a new term cyberdeutocracy'. It is as a political regime, based on the control of the political and corporate elites of the information and communication infrastructure of the Internet space. Cyberdeutocracy, thus as its fundamental basis has such a resource as the global and managed virtual communication space within which the destruction of the existing, transformation, generation, and introduction in the public consciousness of alternative meanings, symbols, values, and ideas takes place, that shape perception society of political reality take place. The term was first introduced by Phillip Freiberg,^[4] in his article that analyzed alleged Russian cyber involvement in 2016 U.S. elections, as well as banning people from social networks based on their political views.

Personal life and death[edit]

He died in Cambridge, Massachusetts on November 1, 1992. He has two daughters, Mary D. Edsall, a writer (wife of Thomas Edsall), and Margaret D. Carroll, an art historian, and three grandchildren, Alexandra Edsall, Sophia Carroll, and Samuel Carroll.

See also[edit]

Auf Deutsch Meaning In English

• Karl Deutsch Award by International Political Science Association
• Karl Deutsch Award by International Studies Association

Auf Deutsch Gesagt

Selected publications[edit]

• Nationalism and Social CommunicationISBN978-0-262-04002-0, 1953, 1966 — from a dissertation at Harvard, published by MIT Press.
• The Nerves of Government: Models of Political Communication and ControlISBN978-0-02-907280-6
• Arms Control and the Atlantic AllianceASIN0B0006D7HXO
• The Analysis of International Relations (1978), by Prentice-Hall, ISBN978-0-13-033225-7
• Nationalism and its AlternativesISBN978-0-394-43763-7
• Politics and Government (1980), published by Houghton-Mifflin, ISBN978-0-395-17840-9
• Comparative Government: Politics of Industrialized and Developing Nations. Published by Houghton Mifflin. ISBN978-0-395-29759-9.
• Problems of World Modeling: Political and Social Implications. Published by HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN978-0-88410-656-2.
• Tides Among NationsISBN978-0-02-907300-1
• Voyage of the Mind, 1930–1980 an autobiographical sketch.

References[edit]

Auf Deutsch Bitte

1. ^Deutsch, Karl W. (1912-1992). Harvard Square Library. Retrieved: Nov 25, 2019. <https://www.harvardsquarelibrary.org/biographies/karl-w-deutsch/>
2. ^Glenn H. Utter and Charles Lockhart, eds. American Political Scientists: A Dictionary (2nd ed. 2002) pp 83–84, online.
3. ^ Deutsch, K. (1966). The Nerves of Government: Models of Political Communication and Control. New York: Free Press.
4. ^What are CyberSimulacra and Cyberdeutocracy?https://www.academia.edu/37288676/What_are_CyberSimulacra_and_Cyberdeutocracy_

Further reading[edit]

• Utter, Glenn H. and Charles Lockhart, eds. American Political Scientists: A Dictionary (2nd ed. 2002) pp 83–84, online.
• Politik mit wachen Sinnen betreiben! Eine Erinnerung an Karl W. Deutsch (1912–1992). mit Beiträgen von Volker Hauff, Dieter Senghaas und Charles L. Taylor WZB-Vorlesungen 4. (pdf) 2003, Berlin. WZB-Mitteilungen 99 · März 2003.
• Back cover of book Problemas para el modelo del mundo (Spanish edition, 1990, of Karl W. Deutsch (editor). 1977. Problems of world modelling). Universidad Externado de Colombia, Fondo Cultural CEREC, 1990. Bogotá, Colombia.
• Merritt, Richard L.; Russett, Bruce M.; Dahl, Robert A. Karl Wolfgang Deutsch. July 21, 1912 – November 1, 1992. Biographical Memoirs. National Academy of Sciences.
• Kristof, Nicholas D. 'The Best Political Scientist in the World Goes on Half-Time, Still an Optimist'. The Harvard Crimson, May 23, 1979.
• Karl W. Deutsch special section in the Czech Sociological Review Articles on K.W. Deutsch by Miroslav Hroch, Andrei S. Markovits, Dieter Senghaas, Charles L. Taylor and Peter J. Katzenstein in the Czech Sociological Review 6 / 2012 on the occasion of the centenary of his birth.